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Analysis of Risk Factors for Mortality of In-Hospital Pneumonia Patients in Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia

Received: 7 July 2014     Accepted: 21 July 2014     Published: 30 July 2014
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Abstract

Background: Pneumonia remains a significant health problem in the world with significant morbidity and mortality. More than 1.16 million child pneumonia deaths occurred in just 15 countries (including Ethiopia, India at the first rank) in 2008, according to WHO figures. These 15 countries account for nearly three-quarters of all child pneumonia deaths worldwide. It is more likely in sub Saharan African countries. Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze the risk factors of mortality of in-hospital patients due to pneumonia at Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 431 patients was prepared for those hospitalized with pneumonia during January 2008 to December 2010. Both Bayesian and classical logistic regression models were applied for analyzing the data. Results: The logistic analysis revealed that the odds of being at risk to death due to pneumonia in-hospital was higher for patients with rural residence, diagnosed at wet season, having respiratory distress, with pneumonia complication, having vomiting, with short breathing problem and fast breathing problem, and long duration of the symptoms (disease). However, the risk was lower for patients with long time stay in-hospital and with 36-39 oC body temperature both at first and last diagnosis. Conclusion: Results revealed that the covariates: residence of a patient, whether or not a patient has vomiting, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis (days), body temperature at first diagnosis (oC), body temperature at last diagnosis (oC), season when a patient diagnosed, pneumonia complications, total hospital stay (days), breathing problem and respiratory distress were significant predictors of discharge/death status of in-hospital pneumonia patients.

Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11
Page(s) 373-377
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Logistic Regression, Pneumonia, Bushulo, Hawassa

References
[1] Andreoli F. (1997). Infections of the Lower Tract. Cecil Essentials of medicine (4th ed.) Pennsylvania, WB Sanders, 1997:699-707.
[2] Brooks, S. and Gelman, A. (l998). Alternative Methods for Monitoring Convergence of Iterative Simulations, Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 7, 434455.
[3] Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
[4] Dagnew M., Damte S., Daniel B.(2007). Analysis of Admissions to the Pediatric Emergency ward of Tikur Anbessa Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development 21(1):48-52
[5] File TM J, Tan J, Plouffe J. (1998). The role of Atypical Pathogens: Mycoplasma Pneumonia, Chlamydia Pneumoniae, and Legionella Pneumophila in Respiratory Infection. Infectious disease clinics of North America 1998; 12: 569–592.
[6] Gelman, A. and Rubin, D. (1992). Inference from Iterative Simulation using Multiple Sequences, Statistical Science 7, 457-511.
[7] Hasslett C., Crompton G.(1995). Diseases of the Respiratory System: Davidson's principles and practice of medicine, 7th ed. New York, Churchill Livingston, 348-58.
[8] World Health Organization (2008). Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia (GAPP): Report of an Informal Consultation: La Mainaz, Gex, France, 5–7 March 2007 / Shamim Qazi, Martin Weber, Cynthia Boschi-Pinto, Thomas Cherian.
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    Zinabu Teka, Ayele Taye, Zemichael Gizaw. (2014). Analysis of Risk Factors for Mortality of In-Hospital Pneumonia Patients in Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health, 2(5), 373-377. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11

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    ACS Style

    Zinabu Teka; Ayele Taye; Zemichael Gizaw. Analysis of Risk Factors for Mortality of In-Hospital Pneumonia Patients in Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. Sci. J. Public Health 2014, 2(5), 373-377. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11

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    AMA Style

    Zinabu Teka, Ayele Taye, Zemichael Gizaw. Analysis of Risk Factors for Mortality of In-Hospital Pneumonia Patients in Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2014;2(5):373-377. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11,
      author = {Zinabu Teka and Ayele Taye and Zemichael Gizaw},
      title = {Analysis of Risk Factors for Mortality of In-Hospital Pneumonia Patients in Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia},
      journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {2},
      number = {5},
      pages = {373-377},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20140205.11},
      abstract = {Background: Pneumonia remains a significant health problem in the world with significant morbidity and mortality. More than 1.16 million child pneumonia deaths occurred in just 15 countries (including Ethiopia, India at the first rank) in 2008, according to WHO figures. These 15 countries account for nearly three-quarters of all child pneumonia deaths worldwide. It is more likely in sub Saharan African countries. Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze the risk factors of mortality of in-hospital patients due to pneumonia at Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 431 patients was prepared for those hospitalized with pneumonia during January 2008 to December 2010. Both Bayesian and classical logistic regression models were applied for analyzing the data. Results: The logistic analysis revealed that the odds of being at risk to death due to pneumonia in-hospital was higher for patients with rural residence, diagnosed at wet season, having respiratory distress, with pneumonia complication, having vomiting, with short breathing problem and fast breathing problem, and long duration of the symptoms (disease). However, the risk was lower for patients with long time stay in-hospital and with 36-39 oC body temperature both at first and last diagnosis. Conclusion: Results revealed that the covariates: residence of a patient, whether or not a patient has vomiting, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis (days), body temperature at first diagnosis (oC), body temperature at last diagnosis (oC), season when a patient diagnosed, pneumonia complications, total hospital stay (days), breathing problem and respiratory distress were significant predictors of discharge/death status of in-hospital pneumonia patients.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Analysis of Risk Factors for Mortality of In-Hospital Pneumonia Patients in Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia
    AU  - Zinabu Teka
    AU  - Ayele Taye
    AU  - Zemichael Gizaw
    Y1  - 2014/07/30
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11
    T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 373
    EP  - 377
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7950
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140205.11
    AB  - Background: Pneumonia remains a significant health problem in the world with significant morbidity and mortality. More than 1.16 million child pneumonia deaths occurred in just 15 countries (including Ethiopia, India at the first rank) in 2008, according to WHO figures. These 15 countries account for nearly three-quarters of all child pneumonia deaths worldwide. It is more likely in sub Saharan African countries. Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze the risk factors of mortality of in-hospital patients due to pneumonia at Bushulo Major Health Center, Hawassa. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 431 patients was prepared for those hospitalized with pneumonia during January 2008 to December 2010. Both Bayesian and classical logistic regression models were applied for analyzing the data. Results: The logistic analysis revealed that the odds of being at risk to death due to pneumonia in-hospital was higher for patients with rural residence, diagnosed at wet season, having respiratory distress, with pneumonia complication, having vomiting, with short breathing problem and fast breathing problem, and long duration of the symptoms (disease). However, the risk was lower for patients with long time stay in-hospital and with 36-39 oC body temperature both at first and last diagnosis. Conclusion: Results revealed that the covariates: residence of a patient, whether or not a patient has vomiting, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis (days), body temperature at first diagnosis (oC), body temperature at last diagnosis (oC), season when a patient diagnosed, pneumonia complications, total hospital stay (days), breathing problem and respiratory distress were significant predictors of discharge/death status of in-hospital pneumonia patients.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Statistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

  • Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar

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